Open AccessTHE NOTION OF THE CLAIM: PROBLEMS OF DEFINITION
Author(s) -
В. Н. Ивакин
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
lex russica/lex russica (russkij zakon)
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2686-7869
pISSN - 1729-5920
DOI - 10.17803/1729-5920.2019.157.12.028-040
Subject(s) - doctrine , action (physics) , lawsuit , meaning (existential) , context (archaeology) , legal doctrine , political science , relation (database) , law , institution , law and economics , civil procedure , sociology , epistemology , philosophy , computer science , paleontology , physics , quantum mechanics , database , biology
The main form of protection of civil rights (in the broad sense) is the form of action bringing, the impact of which has increased significantly as a result of the transition to a market economy. This form has gained even wider application with the adoption of the Code of Administrative Procedure of the Russian Federation of March 8, 2015, that has introduced the institution of an administrative action in relation to cases arising from administrative and other relations regulated in the context of public law. However, the question concerning the concept of the action, regarding which in the legal science several concepts are being applied, remains unclear and the paper examines different concepts dealing with the notion of the action. In particular, according to the author, the term “action” does not mean a legal act. This view is based on the common identification of the Russian term “isk” with the Latin term actio that literally meaning “action.” The article also subjects to extensive criticism an outdated doctrine about the action in procedural and substantive senses. Attention is also drawn to the shortcomings of the doctrine that treats the action as the unity of the two parties — procedural (the applicant’s claim to the court) and substantive (the applicant’s claim to the defendant). The author has examined the inconsistency of the doctrine of the lawsuit developed by G. L. Osokina treating the action as the claim to protect a right and at the same time to admit the existence of the right to bring an action in a procedural and substantive sense. Also, the article analyzes the shortcomings of the definitions of the action given by V. V. Yarkov and O. V. Isaenkova. In conclusion, the author substantiates and gives his own definition of the concept of the action as the request addressed to court by the person concerned, submitted and considered in a certain procedural order in order to protect the violated right. The concept under consideration is also defined as the right that requires confirmation, freedom or legitimate interest and the direct exercise of the right or the satisfaction of a legitimate interest for which another person is held liable.