Open AccessAXIOLOGICAL CONCEPTS OF 20TH -CENTURY CATHOLIC PHILOSOPHERS: D. VON HILDEBRAND AND T. ŚLIPKO
Author(s) -
Kateryna Rassudina
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
sofìâ
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
ISSN - 2521-6570
DOI - 10.17721/sophia.2020.15.10
Subject(s) - humanity , object (grammar) , subject (documents) , value (mathematics) , absolute (philosophy) , morality , epistemology , philosophy , german , personality , psychology , sociology , social psychology , aesthetics , mathematics , theology , computer science , linguistics , statistics , library science
Understanding of values and attitude towards them have always been an object of interest for religious thinkers. For many centuries, Catholic moral theology has formed and tried to justify a kind of teaching about absolute and objective values that regulate human behavior. In 20 th century this task did not lose its importance for philosophers who used new methodologies and improved conceptions of personality. D. von Hildebrand and T. Ślipko were among them.The German phenomenologist D. von Hildebrand developed an original conception of three categories of the important, which helped him explain the feature of person to be motivated to act by objects with completely different properties. He distinguishes between subjectively satisfying, objectively important and important in itself or value. At the same time, D. von Hildebrand focuses on value as a category of the important, which requires a special, regulated by morality attitude of the person. His idea of response to something important in the object shows person as a free and active subject who is responsible for his or her relations with reality.Polish Thomist T. Ślipko sees value as a specific category of reality, which is objective, but is experienced subjectively. Value for him is a pattern according to which a person is called to improve his or her humanity. T. Ślipko distinguishes between absolute values (including moral) and relative ones, which are created by people in history and are changeable. The end of person's existence, in his opinion, is self-improvement, the development of oneself as a subject capable of recognizing values-patterns and changing oneself according to them.Both D. von Hildebrand and T. Ślipko emphasize the connection between the value and personal spheres. Both philosophers are true to the traditional Catholic moral teaching and personalist principles. The contribution of D. von Hildebrand and T. Ślipko to axiology is important for those Catholic thinkers who are trying in practice to solve in a Christian way complex moral problems of our time.