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Benzocaine‐Induced Methemoglobinemia in Two Patients: Interdisciplinary Collaboration, Management, and Near Misses
Author(s) -
Throm Melinda J.,
Stevens Margie Dale,
Hansen Carol
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
pharmacotherapy: the journal of human pharmacology and drug therapy
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.227
H-Index - 109
eISSN - 1875-9114
pISSN - 0277-0008
DOI - 10.1592/phco.27.8.1206
Subject(s) - methemoglobinemia , benzocaine , methemoglobin , anesthesia , medicine , hemoglobin , anesthetic , adverse effect , pharmacology , intensive care medicine
Methemoglobin, a form of hemoglobin that does not bind oxygen, is produced when iron in red blood cells is oxidized from the ferrous state to the ferric state. Methemoglobinemia develops in the presence of oxidizing agents, such as benzocaine‐containing topical anesthetic sprays, and it is characterized by cyanosis. If untreated, methemoglobinemia may prove lethal. We describe two patients who developed methemoglobinemia after they were administered benzocaine‐containing topical anesthetic sprays. Using the Naranjo adverse drug reaction probability scale, the relationship between the administration of the benzocaine‐containing spray and the development of methemoglobinemia was probable (score of 7) in both patients. Collaboration among health care providers is necessary to efficiently recognize, treat, and manage this condition.