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Pharmacokinetic Interaction between Ketoconazole and Amprenavir after Single Doses in Healthy Men
Author(s) -
Polk Ronald E.,
Crouch Michael A.,
Israel Debra S.,
Pastor Antonio,
Sadler Brian M.,
Chittick Gregory E.,
Symonds William T.,
Gouldin Winston,
Lou Yu
Publication year - 1999
Publication title -
pharmacotherapy: the journal of human pharmacology and drug therapy
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.227
H-Index - 109
eISSN - 1875-9114
pISSN - 0277-0008
DOI - 10.1592/phco.19.18.1378.30905
Subject(s) - amprenavir , ketoconazole , pharmacokinetics , cmax , pharmacology , drug interaction , medicine , crossover study , area under the curve , chemistry , antifungal , placebo , dermatology , biochemistry , alternative medicine , pathology , hiv 1 protease , protease , enzyme
Study Objective . To determine the effects of coadministration of amprenavir and ketoconazole on the pharmacokinetics of both drugs, and to assess the utility of the erythromycin breath test (ERMBT) to predict and explain these effects. Design . Open‐label, randomized, balanced, single‐dose, three‐period crossover study. Setting . University research center. Subjects . Twelve healthy men. Intervention . Subjects received amprenavir 1200 mg, ketoconazole 400 mg, and amprenavir 1200 mg plus ketoconazole 400 mg. Each treatment was separated by 14 days. Measurements and Main Results . Serial plasma samples for amprenavir and ketoconazole concentrations were measured by high‐performance liquid chromatography. Coadministration of the drugs increased amprenavir area under the curve extrapolated to infinity (AUC ∞ ) by 31% and reduced its maximum concentration (C max ) by 16%. Amprenavir increased the AUC ∞ of ketoconazole by 44% and increased the drug's half‐life and C max by 23% and 19%, respectively. Both agents resulted in substantial inhibition of ERMBT. Conclusion . Coadministration of ketoconazole and amprenavir results in a statistically significant increase in AUC for both agents, but the changes are not likely to be clinically important.