Open AccessTime dependent response of a rubber-toughened carbon/epoxy composite with damage accumulation
Author(s) -
Eugênio de Azevedo Soriano,
Sérgio Frascino Müller de Almeida
Publication year - 2003
Publication title -
journal of the brazilian society of mechanical sciences and engineering
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.431
H-Index - 40
eISSN - 1806-3691
pISSN - 1678-5878
DOI - 10.1590/s1678-58782003000200010
Subject(s) - materials science , viscoelasticity , composite material , creep , epoxy , composite number , nonlinear system , natural rubber , constitutive equation , work (physics) , stress (linguistics) , structural engineering , finite element method , thermodynamics , linguistics , philosophy , physics , quantum mechanics , engineering
Polymeric composites are frequently modeled as linear elastic materials. However, matrix-dominated properties, such as transverse and shear modulus, can display significant nonlinear time-dependence, especially under conditions of high stress and aggressive environment. This behavior is primarily due to the viscoelastic nature of the polymeric matrix. In addition, polymeric composites also present time-dependent damage growth. In this work, nonlinear viscoelastic constitutive equations were used to represent the time-dependent behavior of a rubber-toughened carbon/epoxy composite during damage growth. These equations were originally devised to characterize material response in a stable damage state. In this approach, however, nonlinearities due to damage and viscoelasticity were incorporated by the model stress-dependent functions, allowing its use in the presence of damage accumulation. A procedure was proposed and applied to separate viscoelastic and damage effects. An experimental program consisting of multiple cycle creep and recovery tests was performed to determine the time-dependence of the shear compliance and to verify the theory as well. The results obtained indicated an excellent agreement between theory and experiment. Constant stress rate tests were also used to validate the application of the theory