Open AccessRabbit antivenom efficacy against myotoxic and neurotoxic activities of Bothrops jararacussu venom and bothropstoxin-I
Author(s) -
Yoko OshimaFranco,
Gildo Bernardo Leite,
Amanda Abdalla Valério,
Stephen Hyslop,
Sílvia Helena Andrião-Escarso,
José Roberto Giglio,
J. Prado-Franceschi,
M.A. Cruz-Höfling,
Léa RodriguesSimioni
Publication year - 2002
Publication title -
the journal of venomous animals and toxins/the journal of venomous animals and toxins
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1678-4936
pISSN - 0104-7930
DOI - 10.1590/s0104-79302002000200004
Subject(s) - venom , bothrops , antivenom , toxin , neutralization , pharmacology , myotoxin , snake venom , creatine kinase , chemistry , biology , biochemistry , immunology , antibody
Bothrops jararacussu venom and its major toxin bothropstoxin-I (BthTX-I) possess myotoxic and neurotoxic properties. The efficacy of a rabbit antivenom raised against B. jararacussu venom in the neutralization of physiological, biochemical, and morphological changes induced by the venom and its major toxin BthTX-I was studied in mouse isolated phrenic nerve-diaphragm (PND) and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) preparations. The times required for 50% neuromuscular blockade in PND and EDL preparations for venom were 70+11.5 (S.E.M., n=5) min and 58+8 (n=16) (50 mu g/mL), and for BthTX-I 31+6 (n=3) min and 30+3 (n=5) min (20 mu g/mL), respectively. After 120 min incubation, creatine kinase (CK) concentrations in solution containing the EDL preparations were 3464+346 U/L after exposure to venom (50 mu g/mL, n=5) and 3422+135 U/L to BthTX-I (20mu g/mL, n=4), respectively. Rabbit antivenom dose-dependently neutralized venom and toxin-induced neuromuscular blockade in both preparations and effectively prevented venom and toxin-induced CK release from EDL. Histological analysis showed that rabbit antivenom neutralized morphological damage caused by B. jararacussu venom and BthTX-I in EDL preparations. These results indicate that rabbit antivenom effectively neutralized the biological activities of B. jararacussu venom and BthTX-I