Open AccessA avaliação da ciência e a revisão por pares: passado e presente. Como será o futuro?
Author(s) -
Amílcar Davyt,
Léa Velho
Publication year - 2000
Publication title -
história, ciências, saúde-manguinhos
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1678-4758
pISSN - 0104-5970
DOI - 10.1590/s0104-59702000000200005
Subject(s) - negotiation , context (archaeology) , institution , sociology , modalities , field (mathematics) , futures contract , reflection (computer programming) , humanities , epistemology , political science , social science , history , philosophy , computer science , mathematics , archaeology , financial economics , pure mathematics , economics , programming language
This article examines the historical antecedents and theoretical, conceptual, and empirical elements of peer review in the field of science. Specifically, it looks at various modalities of peer judgment from its origins within the first scientific associations, in the seventeenth century, to the present. Some of the main developments and chief criticisms of the process are also reviewed. It is argued that the particular forms adopted at each moment and by each institution are the result of historically localized processes of negotiation between different social factors. Changes in context must of course lead to new negotiations, which is what we are witnessing at this moment. The final section is a reflection on what the future (or futures) holds for the peer review system.