Sowing Density Influence on Autumn Wheat Production

This work presents the production results for two autumn wheat aborigine varieties (Glosa and Boema) by using two densities: 600 germinable grains/m² and 300 germinable grains/m². The experiment was placed within Albina locality radius, Brăila county, on a chernozem type of soil, having physical and chemical characteristics which are favourable to plants’ growth and development. The experiment was bi-factorial, set up in subdivided plots, the factor being the variety (a1 Glosa and a2 Boema) and b factor was the density (b1 600 germinable grains/m² and b2 300 germinable grains/m²). The experiment had four variants, each variant having a surface of 1786 m² (470 m length and 3.8 m width) and two repetitions, the surface of one repetition being 7.144 m², and the surface of the entire experiment being 14.288 m² (1.428 ha). During the entire vegetation period, observations have been made, establishing the emerging degree, the status of the plants at the beginning of winter (plants’ height, the number of brothers, the number of adventive roots). Measurements were taken regarding the productivity elements (number of spikelets within one spike, number of kernels within one spike, the weight of the kernels from the spike), regarding the hectolitre mass and finally, regarding the productions obtained for each and every variant and repetition. At the density of 300 germinable grains /m², it can be observed that the average number of brothers is higher for both varieties (2.96 brothers/plant at Glosa and 3.50/brothers/plant at Boema), thus correlating to a higher number of adventive roots (6.26 roots/plant at Glosa and 5.70 roots/plant at Boema), following to ensuring a larger nutrition space. The production obtained was 5255 kg/ha at Glosa variety, with the density of 600 germinable grains/m² and 5127 kg/ha at the density of 300 germinable grains/m², and at Boema variety, the production was 5150 kg/ha at the density of 600 germinable grains/m² and 5100 kg/ha at the density of 300 germinable grains/m². It can be said in conclusion that based on the productions obtained, the wheat, through its characteristic of twinning, has the capacity to compensate a smaller density used at sowing which leads to insignificant production differences in case of using these two densities at those two varieties analysed.