The Strategy of Waste Management Resulting from Military Activities

Military  activities  often  have  a  variety  of  negative  impacts  on  the  environment  in  which they occur. Environmental breaches of military activities can be a threat to the welfare and habitats. Authorities  responsibility  is  in  the  protection  of  the  physical  and  natural  environments,  where  they carry out operations and training. Military  training  can  affect  the  biodiversity  starting  from  the  flora,  birds  and  insects  to marine  life  and  marine  mammals. Through  researches  and  new  technologies,  together  with  the standardization of procedures and training, the authorities is working to improve the protection of the environment and the nature where it operates (Malis Sazdovska, 2011) . Measures taken are in the direction of protection from hazardous substances (including fuel and  oil),  waste  water  treatment,  waste  management,  reduction  of  the  consumption  of  fossil  fuel energy, and application of environmental management systems during military activities.Increasing  of  demand  from  environmental  legislation  and  public  opinion  have  transformed militaries activities, employees and facilities of Armed Forces all over the world. It became necessary to  implement  an  Environmental  Management  System  (EMS)  to  guide  people  how  to  participate  on those  activities  even  during  peace  or  war  times.  It’s  a  common  threat  among  all  the  armies  that military planning documents nowadays have to consider the risks of damaging the environment which can be caused by military operations. This has led to a progressive updated of environmental military legislation in order to be in according to Federal Environmental Laws in each country. Military  operations  and  training  activities can  have  negative  impacts  on  ecosystems  due  to the  nature  of  the  land  use  often  result  from  damage  to  vegetation,  digging  activities,  and  soil disturbance  from  heavy  troop  traffic.  Soil  disturbance  and  associated  erosion  and  sedimentation problems  can  further  aggravate  the  ecological  impacts  of  military  land  use  on  the  ecosystems.  The military’s essential mission is to win the war through the application of combat power warfare, which is destructive to the environment. This damage is a consequence of combat. However, it is necessary to restrict the application of force. The  actions  must  conform  to  the  law  of  land  warfare,  those  established  or  not conventions  and  agreements  that  protect  ecosystems  against  dispensable  suffering  and facilitate the restoration of peace (de Oliveira, 2012)