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Efficacy of Intraperitoneally and Orally Administered ProVale, a Yeast β‐(1,3)/(1,6)‐D‐glucan Product, in Inhibiting Xenoma Formation by the Microsporidian Loma salmonae on Rainbow Trout Gills
Author(s) -
Guselle Nicole J.,
Speare David J.,
Markham R. J. Fred,
Patelakis Shane
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
north american journal of aquaculture
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.432
H-Index - 41
eISSN - 1548-8454
pISSN - 1522-2055
DOI - 10.1577/a09-017.1
Subject(s) - rainbow trout , biology , glucan , beta glucan , gill , yeast , zoology , trout , fish <actinopterygii> , fishery , toxicology , food science , biochemistry
The objectives of the research were to compare the efficacy of ProVale yeast beta‐glucan (β‐glucan) with that of a previously tested research‐grade yeast β‐glucan preparation when administered as an intraperitoneal (IP) injection and to also pilot test the effectiveness of ProVale yeast β‐glucan as a feed additive for reducing Loma salmonae xenoma formation on the gills of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss . Rainbow trout received IP injections of ProVale (4, 10, or 20 mg of ProVale/kg of fish) or Sigma β‐glucan (4 mg/kg). Oral challenge with L. salmonae occurred 1 week after IP injection with the β‐glucan products. For the second objective, 400 rainbow trout were separated into tanks and duplicate groups were treated with 0, 50, 100, and 200 g of ProVale/1,000 kg of feed. Starting at 3 weeks prior to challenge and continuing 2 weeks after challenge, rainbow trout were fed the various ProVale doses daily at a feeding rate of 1% of the fish biomass. Commencing at 4 weeks postchallenge, the fish in each trial were evaluated for the presence of xenomas on the first left gill arch. The most protective IP dose of commercial ProVale was 10 mg/kg when compared with the laboratory‐grade IP dose of Sigma β‐glucan (4 mg/kg). Both of these intraperitoneally administered β‐glucan products were effective in reducing the mean xenoma count. ProVale used as a feed coating (200 g/1,000 kg) was able to reduce the mean xenoma count by 50%.