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Accumulation and Sublethal Effects of a Wyoming Crude Oil in Cutthroat Trout
Author(s) -
Woodward Daniel F.,
Mehrle Paul M.,
Mauck Wilbur L.
Publication year - 1981
Publication title -
transactions of the american fisheries society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.696
H-Index - 86
eISSN - 1548-8659
pISSN - 0002-8487
DOI - 10.1577/1548-8659(1981)110<437:aaseoa>2.0.co;2
Subject(s) - trout , fishery , biology , toxicology , crude oil , environmental science , zoology , fish <actinopterygii> , geology , petroleum engineering
Cutthroat trout Salmo clarki were exposed for 90 days to four concentrations of a Wyoming crude oil in water, ranging from 100 to 520 μg/liter. Survival was reduced to 52% among fish held in the 520‐μg/liter concentration, but was not affected by three lower concentrations. The growth of cutthroat trout in all four concentrations was significantly slower than that of the control fish. Exposure concentrations of 520 and 450 μg/liter induced gill lesions and development of lesions on the retina and lens of the eye of cutthroat trout. Accumulation of total hydrocarbons in fish tissue was directly related to water concentration, except for fish in the 520‐μg/liter concentration. Alkylated mono‐ and dicyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were accumulated most readily and naphthalenes were the dominant aromatic component in oil, water, and fish. Evidence from this research suggests that discharges of 10 mg/liter oil and grease allowed by several western states are too high.