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Some Effects of Gravel Mixtures on Emergence of Coho Salmon and Steelhead Trout Fry
Author(s) -
Phillips Robert W.,
Lantz Richard L.,
Claire Errol W.,
Moring John R.
Publication year - 1975
Publication title -
transactions of the american fisheries society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.696
H-Index - 86
eISSN - 1548-8659
pISSN - 0002-8487
DOI - 10.1577/1548-8659(1975)104<461:seogmo>2.0.co;2
Subject(s) - salmo , oncorhynchus , fishery , hatching , trout , rainbow trout , biology , zoology , chinook wind , environmental science , fish <actinopterygii>
Eight mixtures of sand and gravel were tested in experimental troughs, to simulate hatching conditions in coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and steelhead trout (Salmo gairdneri) redds. Fry were released into perforated, open‐ended chambers below the gravel surface. An inverse relationship was found between the quantity of fines and emergent survival. Mean emergent survival for coho salmon ranged from 96% in the control mixture to 8% in 70% sand (less than 3.3 mm diameter). Mean emergent survival for steelhead ranged from 94% to 18%, respectively. Premature emergence of coho fry was related to higher concentrations of fines. These premature fry were smaller, and retained more yolk than fry emerging at normal times.