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Influence of Oxygen Concentration and Water Movement on the Growth of Steelhead Trout and Coho Salmon Embryos
Author(s) -
Shumway Dean L.,
Warren Charles E.,
Doudoroff Peter
Publication year - 1964
Publication title -
transactions of the american fisheries society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.696
H-Index - 86
eISSN - 1548-8659
pISSN - 0002-8487
DOI - 10.1577/1548-8659(1964)93[342:ioocaw]2.0.co;2
Subject(s) - hatching , oncorhynchus , oxygen , embryo , zoology , trout , salmo , fishery , biology , limiting oxygen concentration , human fertilization , significant difference , chemistry , fish <actinopterygii> , anatomy , statistics , mathematics , organic chemistry
Embryos of coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch (Walbaum), and steelhead trout, Salmo gairdneri gairdneri Richardson, were reared from fertilization of the eggs to hatching, at about 10° C, at different concentrations of dissolved oxygen ranging from about 2.5 to 11.5 mg/liter and at different water velocities ranging from about 3 to 750 cm/hour. Some of the embryos rested on porous plates, while others were buried in glass beads so as to simulate natural conditions more closely. Fry from embryos reared at low and intermediate oxygen concentrations hatched later and were smaller in size at hatching than fry from embryos reared at concentrations near the air‐saturation level. At all oxygen concentrations tested, reduced water velocities resulted in reduced size of hatching fry. This effect of velocity was nearly as pronounced at high oxygen concentrations as at low concentrations. The effect of the difference of water velocities tested was less than the effect of the difference of oxygen concentrations tested. When some embryos were buried in glass beads while others were not, and the discharge rates of water through cylinders containing the embryos were the same, the fry that hatched in the cylinders containing beads were larger in size than those in cylinders without beads. This effect is ascribed to the increase of water velocities around the embryos buried in beads. It was usually most pronounced when a mixture of large and small beads was used.