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The prevention of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia
Author(s) -
Teale Glyn R
Publication year - 2003
Publication title -
the obstetrician and gynaecologist
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1744-4667
pISSN - 1467-2561
DOI - 10.1576/toag.5.1.21
Subject(s) - cervical intraepithelial neoplasia , chlamydia trachomatis , medicine , human papillomavirus , gynecology , cytology , chlamydia , intraepithelial neoplasia , cervical screening , vaccination , primary prevention , cervical cancer , obstetrics , immunology , disease , pathology , cancer , prostate
Prevention strategies for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) have relied largely on secondary prevention by detection using cervical cytology. Recent developments include a potential role for liquid‐based cytology, human papillomavirus (HPV) testing, the prospect of molecular markers of CIN and a possible role for optoelectronic devices. Primary prevention by vaccination shows promise although the exact direction of vaccination programmes remains unclear. General health measures such as smoking reduction may improve CIN; improved sexual health may reduce HPV exposure and the risks of Chlamydia trachomatis, now recognised as a risk for CIN. The role of dietary manipulation and the benefit of male circumcision are being investigated.