Open AccessThe Parathyroid Hormone and Peptides Like It. Literature Review
Author(s) -
Natalia Mokrysheva,
Мокрышева Наталья Георгиевна,
Julia Krupinova,
Крупинова Юлия Александровна,
Ковалева Елена Владимировна
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
vestnik rossijskoj akademii medicinskih nauk
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.122
H-Index - 15
eISSN - 2414-3545
pISSN - 0869-6047
DOI - 10.15690/vramn1104
Subject(s) - parathyroid hormone , hormone , receptor , gene , amino acid , parathyroid hormone receptor , calcium , calcium sensing receptor , endocrinology , gene family , biology , peptide , calcium metabolism , medicine , biochemistry , chemistry , hormone receptor , genetics , gene expression , cancer , breast cancer
Wide prevalence of the parathyroid glands pathology and the need for new methods of diagnosis and treatment are forcing researchers all over the world to go more deeply into the pathophysiological mechanisms. A parathyroid hormone (PTH) is main cause of mineral disorders. In addition, humans have a family with similar in structure molecules that contribute to the maintenance of calcium and phosphate homeostasis. The family includes PTH, parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) and tuberoinfundibular peptide 39 (TIP39, also known as PTH2). The genes encoding these peptides have highly homologous amino acid regions in the N-(amino) terminal receptor-binding sites of each family member, as well as the preserved structure of their organization, which seems to be due to the presence of one parent gene. The variety of classical and “non-classical” effects allows to expand the understanding of these substances and consider them as hormones that go beyond the regulation of phosphorus-calcium metabolism. The review provides information on the structure and biosynthesis of these peptides, as well as a wide range of their effects on the human body.