Open AccessThe Association between Maternal Serum Vitamin D Levels and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus among Filipino Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study
Author(s) -
Carmen Carina Cabrera,
Oliver Allan Dampil,
Albert Macaire Ong-Lopez
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
journal of the asean federation of endocrine societies
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.153
H-Index - 3
eISSN - 2308-118X
pISSN - 0857-1074
DOI - 10.15605/jafes.035.02.04
Subject(s) - medicine , gestational diabetes , cross sectional study , vitamin d and neurology , obstetrics , outpatient clinic , univariate analysis , confounding , diabetes mellitus , vitamin d deficiency , pregnancy , gestation , endocrinology , multivariate analysis , genetics , pathology , biology
Objectives: To determine the association between low maternal serum vitamin D and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) among Filipino women in St. Luke’s Medical Center – Quezon City. Methodology: A cross-sectional study involving pregnant women at outpatient clinics in a tertiary hospital in the Philippines. Simultaneous testing for fasting blood sugar, 75g oral glucose tolerance test and serum vitamin D was done. Participants were classified as GDM versus non-GDM, and normal versus low serum vitamin D. Univariate and multivariate statistics were done to determine relationship between vitamin D and GDM. Results: Of 211 included women, 198 (93.8%) had low vitamin D levels, and 56 (26.5%) had GDM. Vitamin D was significantly higher in the GDM group (21.0±8.1 vs 18.8±5.3 ng/mL, p=0.0189). The proportion of women with low vitamin D levels was significantly higher among those without GDM (96.1% vs 87.5%, OR=0.28, p=0.029]. After adjusting for age, parity, history of GDM and pre-pregnancy BMI, no significant association was observed (adjusted OR=0.66, p=0.522). No correlation was seen between vitamin D and FBS (r=0.28, p=0.095), 1-hour post-75 g OGTT (r=0.26, p=0.643), and 2-hour post-75 g OGTT (r=0.28, p=0.113). Conclusion: There was an association found between maternal serum vitamin D level and GDM in the univariate analysis, but none was evident after adjusting for possible confounders. The unanticipated high prevalence of low vitamin D levels among pregnant Filipinos needs to be verified in future studies.