ANALISIS DAYA DUKUNG PERAIRAN LAUT UNTUK BUDIDAYA IKAN DALAM KARAMBA JARING APUNG

ABSTRAKKabupaten Situbondo memiliki potensi pengembangan budidaya ikan dalam karamba jaring apung (KJA). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kesesuaian perairn, daya dukung, distribusi plankton dan klorofil-a serta aspek mikrobiologi perairan untuk budidaya ikan KJA di kawasan pesisir Kecamatan Kendit Kabupaten Situbondo. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode survei. Lokasi penelitian adalah perairan pesisir kawasan budidaya KJA Kecamatan Kendit Kabupaten Situbondo Propinsi Jawa Timur. Pengumpulan data parameter biofisik dilaksanakan selama dua bulan yaitu pada bulan Juni-Juli 2019 (musim kemarau). Analisis data meliputi analisis kesesuaian perairan, analisis daya dukung perairan dengan pendekatan kapasitas perairan, analisis plankton dan klorofil-a, dan analisis mikrobiologi (total bakteri dan Vibrio sp). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada zona I (90,75) ha terdapat 20,5 ha memiliki kriteria sangat sesuai dan dapat ditempati 404 unit KJA (1 unit=101,2383 m2). Pada zona II (49,23) ha terdapat 17,41 ha memiliki kriteria kelas sangat sesuai dapat ditempati 343 unit KJA. Zona III (82,9) ha dengan luasan 13,76 ha memiliki kriteria sangat sesuai dan dapat ditempati KJA sejumlah 217 unit. Jumlah KJA yang ada di Zona I adalah 10 unit (2,47%) dari kapasitas maksimum, dan pada Zona II terdapat 207 unit (60,34%), serta belum ada KJA pada zona III (0%). Perairan di lokasi penelitian sangat baik untuk kegiatan budidaya ikan di KJA, jumlah KJA zona I dan III masih memungkinkan untuk dikembangkan. Jumlah KJA di Zona II perlu dilakukan penataan ulang agar tidak terpusat di satu area dan perlu pengawasan agar peningkatan KJA tidak melebihi daya dukung perairan. ABSTRACTSitubondo Regency has the potential to develop fish farming in floating net cages (KJA). This study aims to analyze the suitability of waters, carrying capacity, distribution of plankton and chlorophyll-a as well as aspects of water microbiology for KJA fish farming in the coastal area of Kendit District, Situbondo Regency. The research method used the survey method. The research location is the coastal waters of KJA cultivation area, Kendit District, Situbondo Regency, East Java Province. Biophysical parameter data collection was carried out for two months, namely in June-July 2019 (dry season). Data analysis includes suitability analysis, carrying capacity analysis with water capacity approach, plankton and chlorophyll-a analysis, and microbiological analysis (total bacteria and Vibrio sp). The results showed that in the zone I (90.75) ha there was 20.5 ha which had very suitable criteria and could be occupied by 404 units of the marine cage (1 unit = 101.283 m2). In zone II (49.23) ha, there is 17.41 ha which has very suitable class criteria which can be occupied by 343 KJA units. Zone III (82.9) ha with an area of 13.76 ha has very suitable criteria and can be occupied by 217 units of KJA. The number of the marine cage in Zone I is 10 units (2.47%) of the maximum capacity, and in Zone II there are 207 units (60.34%), and there is no KJA in zone III (0%). The waters in the research location are very good for fish farming activities in KJA, the number of KJA zones I and III is still possible to be developed. The number of the marine cage in Zone II needs to be rearranged so that it is not concentrated in one area and it is necessary to monitor so that the increase in the marine cage does not exceed the carrying capacity.