Karakteristik Penangkapan dan Produksi Ikan di Kabupaten Barito Selatan, Kalimantan Tengah

ABSTRAK  Kabupaten Barito Selatan di Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah memiliki potensi dan produksi perikanan yang besar dari perairan umum daratan. Wilayah rawa banjiran yang luas, jumlah alat tangkap yang bervariasi dan kegiatan penangkapan yang tinggi menjadi salah satu sumber potensi dan penopang perekonomian di wilayah ini. Tulisan ini menguraikan sebaran penggunaan alat tangkap berdasarkan lokasi dan musim penangkapan dan menganalisis pengaruh curah hujan terhadap laju tangkap dan komposisi hasil tangkapan pada beberapa alat tangkap di wilayah perairan Kabupaten Barito Selatan. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan bantuan 12 orang nelayan enumerator di empat lokasi berbeda. Lokasi tersebut yaitu Danau Palui, Danau Pamait, Desa Jelapat, dan Danau Ganting. Terdapat tujuh jenis alat tangkap yaitu rawai (long line), tampirai (stage trap), lunta (cash net), banjur (stake line), rengge (gill net), lukah (pot trap) dan selambau (seine net). Data curah hujan diperoleh dari stasiun BMKG Kabupaten Barito Selatan. Data dikumpulkan selama sembilan bulan dari Februari hingga Oktober 2015. Nilai produksi dan laju tangkap dikorelasikan dengan curah hujan menggunakan uji-t, sedangkan hasil tangkapan di tabulasi sesuai jenis alat tangkap dan waktu penangkapan. Diperoleh nilai korelasi signifikan antara produksi, laju tangkap terhadap curah hujan. Sebaran alat tangkap banyak diperoleh bervariasi pada wilayah rawa banjiran yang dangkal. Sebanyak 43 spesies ikan yang tertangkap menggunakan tujuh jenis alat tangkap. Alat tangkap selambau (seine net) memiliki variasi hasil tangkapan tertinggi. The South Barito Regency has high potential and production of inland fisheries in Central Kalimantan Province. The large area of flood plain, various of fishing gears and intensive fishing. This paper describes the distribution of fishing gear utilization based on location and fishing season and, analyzes  the effect of rainfall on the fishing rate and fish composition of several kind of fishing gears in South Barito Regency waters. Samples collection were done by 12 enumerators fishermen at four different locations. The locations include Palui lake, Pamait lake, Jelapat village, and Ganting lake. Fish production was tabulated based on fishing gear and fishing periode. Rainfall rate data were obtained from BMKG (Agency for Meterology, Climatology and Geophysic) of South Barito Regency. Data were collected during nine months from February to October 2015. Production and fishing rate were significantly correlated to rainfall rate with t-test.Results show that there were about 7 fishing gears such as: rawai (long line), tampirai (stage trap), lunta (cash net), banjur (stake line), rengge (gill net), lukah (pot trap) and selambau (seine net). There is a significant corellation between production and fishing rate to the rainfall rate. The distribution of fishing gear is more varied in shallow flood plain area. About 43 species of fish were caught using 7 different fishing gears. Selambau (seine net) caught the highest variation of fish species.