EFEKTIVITAS PEMBERLAKUAN KEBIJAKAN MORATORIUM KAPAL EKS ASING DAN TRANSHIPMENT TERHADAP KINERJA USAHA PENANGKAPAN IKAN

Penelitian untuk melihat efektivitas kebijakan moratorium kapal eks asing dan transhipment telahdilakukan pada Bulan Maret 2015. Tujuan penulisan makalah ini yaitu untuk melihat pengaruh langsungdari pemberlakuan kebijakan tersebut terhadap kinerja usaha perikanan. Lokasi penelitian dilakukan ditempat pendaratan ikan bagi kapal-kapal ikan yang terkena dampak, seperti di Bitung dan DKI Jakarta.Metode pengambilan responden dilakukan secara terpilih, yaitu instansi terkait : pelabuhan perikanan,pengawas perikanan, serta pelaku usaha. Pengambilan data terdiri dari data primer dan data sekunder.Analisis data dilakukan secara tabulasi dan diolah menggunakan statistik sederhana untuk menjawabtujuan penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan yang telah diimplementasikan dilihat daritujuan untuk mengurangi illegal fishing dianggap secara nyata cukup efektif. Hal ini ditunjukkan denganmenurunnya jumlah illegal fishing. Namun demikian, di sisi lainnya kebijakan tersebut dinilai tidak efektifbagi peningkatan kinerja usaha penangkapan skala besar dan telah cukup efektif untuk meningkatkankinerja usaha penangkapan ikan skala kecil. Diharapkan keijakan ini akan diikuti oleh perbaikansistem monitoring yang baik dari pihak pemerintah agar pemberlauan kembali kapal transhipment tidakdigunakan untuk kegiatan illegal fishing, namun membangkitkan inerja usaha perikanan dari hulu ke hiliryang berkembang di Indonesia. Effectivity of Ex Foreign Ships Moratorium and Transhipment Policyon Captured Fisheries Business PerformanceThis study is aimed at investigating the effectiveness of the moratorium and transhipmentpolicies. The investigation was conducted on March 2015 in several fish-landing sites which wereheavily affected by the two policies, such as Bitung and DKI Jakarta, through surveys to acquire bothprimary and secondary data needed, with purposively chosen respondents. The data acquired were thendescriptively analyzed and tabulated, which resulted in the finding that the policies implemented thus farhad been very effective in suppressing illegal fishing. Despite their effectiveness, big fisheries businessowners in jakarta complained that the transhipment policy had caused them quite a big loss throughthe effect of a hiking fishing cost as well as reducing catch. While the big fisheries business owners inBitung complained that both policies had caused them much bigger lost by reducing the supply of input.But different stories were received by small scale fishers who felt that they had been getting more fishthan they usually had. Therefore, the moratorium policies need to be continued while the governmentpreparing to alter the transhipment policy – especially in the enhancement of the monitoring system – sothat the policies may suppress illegal fishing while creating a condition for growth of fishery businessesfrom top to bottom in Indonesia.