Open AccessCdCl2 has zero-order kinetic cellular influx and induces cytotoxicity and genotoxicity at low concentrations in human leukocytes in vitro
Author(s) -
Vanessa Fontoura dos Santos,
Élvio Adílio Serpa,
Fabiana Ernestina Barcellos Da Silva,
Érico Marlon de Moraes Flores,
Michel Mansur Machado,
Luís Flávio Souza de Oliveira
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
revista colombiana de ciencias químico-farmacéuticas/revista colombiana de ciencias quimico-farmaceuticas
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1909-6356
pISSN - 0034-7418
DOI - 10.15446/rcciquifa.v48n1.80071
Subject(s) - genotoxicity , cytotoxicity , intracellular , in vitro , dna damage , chemistry , bioaccumulation , microbiology and biotechnology , cadmium , biophysics , biology , dna , biochemistry , toxicity , environmental chemistry , organic chemistry
Cadmium (Cd2+) is a nonessential heavy metal that possesses a high capacity of bioaccumulation and exhibits toxic characteristics even at low concentrations. This study evaluated the genotoxicity and cytotoxicity in human leukocytes in vitro after exposure to a lower range of Cd2+concentration (1-25 μg/mL) using an unprecedented strategy by correlating between intracellular Cd2+ levels after exposure and cellular damage. Results demonstrated that Cd2+exposure from 5 to 25 μg/mL significantly increased the unviability of leukocytes, as well as the DNA damage, which was dose-dependent. The intracellular Cd2+ levels in leukocytes ranged from 9.85 to 94.38 pg/cell, and cytotoxicity and genotoxicity were induced at a concentration of 24.22 pg/cell. The relationship between exposure concentration and intracellular Cd2+ levels suggests that its influx occurs in human leukocytes under zeroorder kinetics.