Гематологічні та біохімічні показники крові спортивних коней української верхової та тракененської порід

The article presents the results of studies of the morphological composition and biochemical indices of the blood of sports horses of the Ukrainian riding and trakehner breed. The aim of the work was to study the physical loads on the hematologic indices, by which it is possible to judge the level of training and, accordingly, the loads performed on the clinical and physiological condition of horses. The research task consisted of determining the effect of training (before and after) on the morphological composition of the blood, clarifying the changes in the biochemical composition of the serum (glucose, reserve alkalinity and lactic acid) in horses of these breeds of 6 years of age. The horses were kept in the same conditions of microclimate, feeding and maintenance. Evaluation of the clinical state of animals was carried out according to the composition of the leukocyte formula: the number of erythrocytes, leukocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes, neutrophils, platelets and hemoglobin content, and biochemical parameters according to methods of research common in veterinary medicine.The results of the studies showed that after intensive training in horses, the level of hemoglobin increases by – 12.5%, in traken - by 3.8% (P < 0.05), what causes the response of the body to hypoxia, due to less adaptation to stressful Impacts. This is confirmed by an increase in the number of red blood cells after loading – 13.1%, neutrophils by 3.3%, lymphocytes by 7.8% (P < 0.05). The level of glucose provides 55% of the energy requirement of the body, in the case of the trakehner breed, after the load, it decreased by 4.5%, in the OHR by 17.2% (P < 0.05), which indicates the absence of negative effects on the physiological condition of the horses.