Ethno-social Communities of Yekaterinoslav Region in the Conditions of Industrialization and Urbanization at the end of XIX – beginning of XX centuries

The purpose of the article is to find out the peculiarities of the development of ethnosocial communities in the Dnipro region during the modernization period, to analyze the impact of the then industrialization and urbanization on the lives of representatives of various ethnic groups in the region. Research methods: problem-chronological, comparative historical, historical genetic. Main results: The article highlights the ethnonational composition of the population of the Yekaterinoslav province in the late XIX - early XX century and disclosed factors that influenced its formation. The attention was focused on the fact that the urban population of the Yekaterinoslav region differed significantly in its ethnic composition from the inhabitants of the province. Moreover, the more the city was, and the more clearly the industrial component was manifested in it, the less Ukrainians lived in it. It is concluded that the Ukrainian population did not determine the cultural appearance of the cities of the region and rather quickly underwent assimilation. Accordingly, the process of ethnonational modernization of the Ukrainians at that time was extremely slow. Analyzed how industrialization and urbanization affected the stereotypes of views and behavior of the representatives of the main ethnic groups of the Dnipro region. Thus, Russians and Jews, as well as representatives of German and Polish ethnic groups, were most actively involved in entrepreneurial activity in Yekaterinoslav region at that time. At the same time, the local proletariat consisted mainly of immigrants from the central Russian provinces. Attention was paid to interethnic relations in the region, it was noted that the latter were characterized not only by mutual influence, but also by numerous conflict situations. Practical significance: recommended for use in training courses and generalizing works on the history of Ukraine in the XIX – early XX centuries, as well as on the ethnopolitics. Originality: а generalized description of the situation of the main national communities of Yekaterinoslav region in the conditions of forced industrialization and urbanization processes of the post-reform period is given. Scientific novelty: for the first time, it is shown how actively ethnic Ukrainians, Russians, Jews, Germans and Poles of the Yekaterinoslav region joined business activity, and also from which national groups the working class of the region was predominantly formed. Article type: explanation.