Authentic soil microbial communities in primeval forest ecosystems of Uzhanskyi National Nature Park

The article presents the modern aspects of studying and evaluating the biodiversity of soil microbiocenoses in the Carpathian region. The purpose of the work was to investigate the soil microbiota of virgin ecosystems, namely the structure of microbial communities, the number of major ecological trophic groups; to analyze the successional processes occurring in the soil microbiocenosis due to the influence of endogenous and exogenous factors. Anthropogenic impact: soil compaction, sanitary felling has led to changes in the groups of soil microorganisms, reduced their numbers and functional diversity. The primeval forests as etalon ecosystems better combine above resistance and stability with high productivity of biomass. Influence of ecological factors caused changes in the community of soil organisms, varied their abundance and functional diversity. Soil microorganisms have been largely ignored by conservation efforts. However, their role in biogeochemical processes, their diversity and abundance, and their potential as repositories of valuable genetic information and metabolic products make them as important as animals and plants to the biosphere and human welfare. Study of authentic soil microbiota creates the necessary prerequisites for the conservation of microbial diversity and forming the base of the eco-microbiological monitoring.