Open AccessAssessment of Workplace Bullying and Harassment: Reliability and Validity of a Japanese Version of the Negative Acts Questionnaire
Author(s) -
Takaki Jiro,
Tsutsumi Akizumi,
Fujii Yasuhito,
Taniguchi Toshiyo,
Hirokawa Kumi,
Hibino Yuri,
Lemmer Richard J.,
Nashiwa Hitomi,
Wang DaHong,
Ogino Keiki
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
journal of occupational health
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.664
H-Index - 59
ISSN - 1348-9585
DOI - 10.1539/joh.o9011
Subject(s) - harassment , cronbach's alpha , psychology , goodness of fit , confirmatory factor analysis , clinical psychology , reliability (semiconductor) , exploratory factor analysis , validity , applied psychology , structural equation modeling , psychometrics , social psychology , statistics , mathematics , power (physics) , physics , quantum mechanics
Assessment of Workplace Bullying and Harassment: Reliability and Validity of a Japanese Version of the Negative Acts Questionnaire: Jiro T akaki , et al . Department of Public Health, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesObjectives Interest in workplace bullying and harassment has been increasing in Japan. At present, the Negative Acts Questionnaire (NAQ) is one of the most frequently used questionnaires for assessing these issues. The purpose of this study was to develop a Japanese version of the NAQ. Methods We translated the original version of the NAQ using a back‐translation method. Participants in this study were recruited from 737 workers at a manufacturing company in Japan. Data were obtained from questionnaires completed by 517 respondents (response rate: 70.1%). Results We used a cross‐validation approach. A three‐factor model was obtained from exploratory factor analyses. The confirmatory factor analysis for this model revealed values of 0.94, 0.91, 0.95, and 0.054 for the goodness‐of‐fit index, the adjusted goodness‐of‐fit index, the comparative fit index, and the root mean square error of approximation, respectively. Pearson's correlation coefficients for the NAQ scores with the Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ) support scores and the Effort‐Reward Imbalance Questionnaire scores for respect and job security were significant ( p <0.001) and the direction of these associations were consistent with our expectations, with the exceptions of the correlations between the NAQ sexual harassment score and the JCQ support scores. Cronbach's alpha coefficients for the scores on the entire NAQ scale and on three subscales (person‐related bullying, work‐related bullying, and sexual harassment) were 0.90, 0.84, 0.60, and 0.60, respectively. Conclusions A Japanese version of the NAQ was developed and it appears to have acceptable levels of internal consistency reliability and factor‐ and construct‐validity.