Open AccessPulmonary responses in rat lungs after intratracheal instillation of 4 crystal forms of titanium dioxide nanoparticles
Author(s) -
Okada Takami,
Ogami Akira,
Lee Byeong Woo,
Kadoya Chikara,
Oyabu Takako,
Myojo Toshihiko
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
journal of occupational health
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.664
H-Index - 59
ISSN - 1348-9585
DOI - 10.1539/joh.16-0094-oa
Subject(s) - bronchoalveolar lavage , lung , eosin , titanium dioxide , distilled water , inflammation , medicine , h&e stain , chemistry , pathology , andrology , materials science , chromatography , staining , metallurgy
Objective Titanium dioxide nanoparticles are widely used as UV filters in cosmetics and as a photocatalyst. We evaluated pulmonary responses to different crystal forms of TiO 2 nanoparticles. Methods We used 4 different TiO 2 samples with similar specific surface areas (anatase, rutile, amorphous, and P25). Each sample was suspended in distilled water and intratracheally instilled to male Wister rats at the dose of 1 mg per rat. Five rats per group were sacrificed at 3 days, 1 month, and 6 months after instillation, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was collected from the right lung to determine the total cell count and polymorphonuclear cell (PMN) counts. The left lung tissues were stained with hematoxylin and eosin for the evaluation of inflammation and with elastica van Gieson for the evaluation of collagen deposition. Results The total cell counts and PMN counts of the amorphous and P25 of four samples showed a significant increase compared with the control group at 3 days after instillation. The inflammation rate of P 25 also showed a significant increase compared with controls at 3 days. The collagen deposition rate in the alveolar duct of P25 increased significantly compared with controls from 3 days to 6 months. The other samples showed a mild response after instillation. Conclusion Although the TiO 2 nanoparticles used in this study had similar specific surface areas, there were different inflammatory responses in the rat lungs. Other factors, such as different production processes or the surface activities of particles, may have been responsible for the different responses.