Open AccessEmbryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma of the Biliary Tree as a Differential in a Paediatric Patient Presenting with Biliary Dilatation: Not Always a Choledochal Cyst
Author(s) -
Taraprasad Tripathy,
Yashwant Patidar,
Karamvir Chandel,
Annapoorani Varadarajan,
Vikrant Sood,
Shalini Thapar Laroia
Publication year - 2022
Publication title -
acta medica lituanica
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2029-4174
pISSN - 1392-0138
DOI - 10.15388/amed.2021.29.1.2
Subject(s) - choledochal cysts , medicine , differential diagnosis , embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma , rhabdomyosarcoma , radiology , magnetic resonance imaging , magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography , endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography , liver biopsy , biopsy , sarcoma , cyst , pathology , surgery , pancreatitis
Rhabdomyosarcoma is a soft tissue malignant musculoskeletal tumour and is the most prevalent soft-tissue sarcoma in the paediatric population. Although, Embryonal RMS of the biliary tree is a rare entity, however, it is the most common cause of paediatric malignant obstructive jaundice. We present a 4-year-old child who had symptoms of obstructive jaundice and palpable liver. The non-contrast magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) features were consistent with choledochal cyst. However, contrast enhanced computed tomography and PET CT images revealed biliary RMS as the differential diagnosis. Percutaneous biopsy followed by histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of embryonal biliary RMS. Since embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma is uncommonly recorded in the literature and can mimic the appearance of a choledochal cyst, this case report emphasises the necessity of keeping embryonal RMS as a differential in paediatric cases of obstructive jaundice.