Zeolite-based Composites as Slow Release Fertilizers (Review)

One of the most important problems of agriculture is finding new methods to increase soil fertility and productivity. The use of fertilizers increases the efficiency of nutrients, however, their uncontrolled use leads to leaching and contamination of the environment. Zeolite is considered a natural element that has no negative environmental effects. Its ion exchange properties are important for plant nutrition due to its cation exchange ability and porosity. Zeolites added to fertilizers give a double result when applied to soil: provide long lasting action of fertilizer (prolongation effect) and prevent nutrient leaching. This article analyzes current literary sources of information on the use of zeolite-based composites as a prolonged action fertilizer in agriculture, as well as their impact on nutrient retention and release into the soil.