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20,000 picometers under the OMM : diving into the vastness of mitochondrial metabolite transport
Author(s) -
Cunningham Corey N,
Rutter Jared
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
embo reports
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 4.584
H-Index - 184
eISSN - 1469-3178
pISSN - 1469-221X
DOI - 10.15252/embr.202050071
Subject(s) - mitochondrial carrier , mitochondrion , biochemistry , metabolite , inner mitochondrial membrane , transporter , microbiology and biotechnology , compartmentalization (fire protection) , transport protein , biology , chemistry , bacterial outer membrane , enzyme , gene , escherichia coli
The metabolic compartmentalization enabled by mitochondria is key feature of many cellular processes such as energy conversion to ATP production, redox balance, and the biosynthesis of heme, urea, nucleotides, lipids, and others. For a majority of these functions, metabolites need to be transported across the impermeable inner mitochondrial membrane by dedicated carrier proteins. Here, we examine the substrates, structural features, and human health implications of four mitochondrial metabolite carrier families: the SLC 25A family, the mitochondrial ABCB transporters, the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier ( MPC ), and the sideroflexin proteins.