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TDP 2 negatively regulates axon regeneration by inducing SUMO ylation of an Ets transcription factor
Author(s) -
Sakai Yoshiki,
Hanafusa Hiroshi,
Pastuhov Strahil Iv,
Shimizu Tatsuhiro,
Li Chun,
Hisamoto Naoki,
Matsumoto Kunihiro
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
embo reports
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 4.584
H-Index - 184
eISSN - 1469-3178
pISSN - 1469-221X
DOI - 10.15252/embr.201847517
Subject(s) - transcription factor , microbiology and biotechnology , transcription (linguistics) , regeneration (biology) , axon , biology , chemistry , neuroscience , genetics , gene , linguistics , philosophy
In Caenorhabditis elegans , the JNK MAP kinase ( MAPK ) pathway is important for axon regeneration. The JNK pathway is activated by a signaling cascade consisting of the growth factor SVH ‐1 and its receptor tyrosine kinase SVH ‐2. Expression of the svh‐2 gene is induced by axonal injury in a process involving the transcription factors ETS ‐4 and CEBP ‐1. Here, we find that svh‐14/mxl‐1 , a gene encoding a Max‐like transcription factor, is required for activation of svh‐2 expression in response to axonal injury. We show that MXL ‐1 binds to and inhibits the function of TDPT ‐1, a C. elegans homolog of mammalian tyrosyl‐ DNA phosphodiesterase 2 [ TDP 2; also called Ets1‐associated protein II ( EAPII )]. Deletion of tdpt‐1 suppresses the mxl‐1 defect, but not the ets‐4 defect, in axon regeneration. TDPT ‐1 induces SUMO ylation of ETS ‐4, which inhibits ETS ‐4 transcriptional activity, and MXL ‐1 counteracts this effect. Thus, TDPT ‐1 interacts with two different transcription factors in axon regeneration.