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Microbiome diurnal rhythmicity and its impact on host physiology and disease risk
Author(s) -
Nobs Samuel Philip,
Tuganbaev Timur,
Elinav Eran
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
embo reports
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 4.584
H-Index - 184
eISSN - 1469-3178
pISSN - 1469-221X
DOI - 10.15252/embr.201847129
Subject(s) - microbiome , biology , host (biology) , circadian rhythm , disease , function (biology) , computational biology , evolutionary biology , bioinformatics , neuroscience , genetics , medicine , pathology
Host–microbiome interactions constitute key determinants of host physiology, while their dysregulation is implicated in a wide range of human diseases. The microbiome undergoes diurnal variation in composition and function, and this in turn drives oscillations in host gene expression and functions. In this review, we discuss the newest developments in understanding circadian host–microbiome interplays, and how they may be relevant in health and disease contexts. We summarize the molecular mechanisms by which the microbiome influences host function in a diurnal manner, and inversely describe how the host orchestrates circadian rhythmicity of the microbiome. Furthermore, we highlight the future perspectives and challenges in studying this new and exciting facet of host–microbiome interactions. Finally, we illustrate how the elucidation of the microbiome chronobiology may pave the way for novel therapeutic approaches.