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Inherent DNA ‐binding specificities of the HIF ‐1α and HIF ‐2α transcription factors in chromatin
Author(s) -
Smythies James A,
Sun Min,
Masson Norma,
Salama Rafik,
Simpson Peter D,
Murray Elizabeth,
Neumann Viviana,
Cockman Matthew E,
Choudhry Hani,
Ratcliffe Peter J,
Mole David R
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
embo reports
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 4.584
H-Index - 184
eISSN - 1469-3178
pISSN - 1469-221X
DOI - 10.15252/embr.201846401
Subject(s) - gene isoform , transcription factor , biology , chromatin , hypoxia inducible factors , dna , microbiology and biotechnology , transcription (linguistics) , dna binding protein , genetics , gene , linguistics , philosophy
Hypoxia‐inducible factor ( HIF ) is the major transcriptional regulator of cellular responses to hypoxia. The two principal HIF ‐α isoforms, HIF ‐1α and HIF ‐2α, are progressively stabilized in response to hypoxia and form heterodimers with HIF ‐1β to activate a broad range of transcriptional responses. Here, we report on the pan‐genomic distribution of isoform‐specific HIF binding in response to hypoxia of varying severity and duration, and in response to genetic ablation of each HIF ‐α isoform. Our findings reveal that, despite an identical consensus recognition sequence in DNA , each HIF heterodimer loads progressively at a distinct repertoire of cell‐type‐specific sites across the genome, with little evidence of redistribution under any of the conditions examined. Marked biases towards promoter‐proximal binding of HIF ‐1 and promoter‐distant binding of HIF ‐2 were observed under all conditions and were consistent in multiple cell type. The findings imply that each HIF isoform has an inherent property that determines its binding distribution across the genome, which might be exploited to therapeutically target the specific transcriptional output of each isoform independently.