Premium
the defeat of hierarchy: gambling as exchange in a Sepik society
Author(s) -
MITCHELL WILLIAM E.
Publication year - 1988
Publication title -
american ethnologist
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.875
H-Index - 78
eISSN - 1548-1425
pISSN - 0094-0496
DOI - 10.1525/ae.1988.15.4.02a00030
Subject(s) - reciprocity (cultural anthropology) , dialectic , hierarchy , egalitarianism , reciprocal , sociology , positive economics , neglect , social exchange theory , epistemology , neoclassical economics , social psychology , psychology , economics , political science , social science , philosophy , law , market economy , linguistics , psychiatry , politics
Along with the anthropological neglect of negative reciprocal exchange, scant attention has been given to Melanesian exchange systems that work to defeat the construction of hierarchy. Sahlins' classical model of reciprocity is critically examined and a more logically consistent approach offered. Wape gambling is identified as generalized negative reciprocity and interpreted as complementary to the Wape traditional exchange system in the preservation of male egalitarianism from the erosive changes of a capitalist market system. A dialectical model of exchange systems is offered that acknowledges the processual interrelationship between positive and negative reciprocity in the formation of exchange scenarios.