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An Inquiry into Relationship Suicides and Reciprocity
Author(s) -
Davis Mark S.,
Callanan Valerie J.,
Lester David,
Haines Janet
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
suicide and life‐threatening behavior
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.544
H-Index - 90
eISSN - 1943-278X
pISSN - 0363-0234
DOI - 10.1521/suli.2009.39.5.482
Subject(s) - reciprocity (cultural anthropology) , suicide prevention , poison control , norm of reciprocity , human factors and ergonomics , social psychology , injury prevention , norm (philosophy) , psychology , occupational safety and health , criminology , medicine , sociology , medical emergency , political science , social science , social capital , pathology , law
Few theories on suicide have been grounded in the norm of reciprocity. There is literature on suicide, however, describing motivations such as retaliation and retreat which can be interpreted as modes of adaptation to the norm of reciprocity. We propose a reciprocity‐based theory to explain suicides associated with relationship problems. Employing a content analysis of suicide notes, we tested the theory, finding evidence of exploitation, exploiter guilt, retaliation, and retreat as motives for committing relationship‐based suicide. Reciprocity‐based note writers were more likely to have used alcohol or drugs in the hours prior to committing suicide, and they were also more likely to have made their intentions known beforehand. Implications for future research as well as for suicide prevention are discussed.