Open AccessThe effects of heat stress on morphological properties and intracellular signaling of denervated and intact soleus muscles in rats
Author(s) -
Ohira Takashi,
Higashibata Akira,
Seki Masaya,
Kurata Yoichi,
Kimura Yayoi,
Hirano Hisashi,
Kusakari Yoichiro,
Minamisawa Susumu,
Kudo Takashi,
Takahashi Satoru,
Ohira Yoshinobu,
Furukawa Satoshi
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
physiological reports
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.918
H-Index - 39
ISSN - 2051-817X
DOI - 10.14814/phy2.13350
Subject(s) - hsp70 , heat shock protein , medicine , muscle hypertrophy , denervation , endocrinology , soleus muscle , protein kinase b , downregulation and upregulation , phosphorylation , muscle atrophy , chemistry , hsp90 , atrophy , microbiology and biotechnology , biology , skeletal muscle , biochemistry , gene
Abstract The effects of heat stress on the morphological properties and intracellular signaling of innervated and denervated soleus muscles were investigated. Heat stress was applied to rats by immersing their hindlimbs in a warm water bath (42°C, 30 min/day, every other day following unilateral denervation) under anesthesia. During 14 days of experimental period, heat stress for a total of seven times promoted growth‐related hypertrophy in sham‐operated muscles and attenuated atrophy in denervated muscles. In denervated muscles, the transcription of ubiquitin ligase, atrogin‐1/muscle atrophy F‐box ( Atrogin‐1 ), and muscle RING ‐finger protein‐1 ( Mu RF ‐1 ), genes was upregulated and ubiquitination of proteins was also increased. Intermittent heat stress inhibited the upregulation of Atrogin‐1 , but not Mu RF ‐1 transcription. And the denervation‐caused reduction in phosphorylated protein kinase B (Akt), 70‐kDa heat‐shock protein ( HSP 70), and peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ coactivator‐1 α ( PGC ‐1 α ), which are negative regulators of Atrogin‐1 and Mu RF ‐1 transcription, was mitigated. In sham‐operated muscles, repeated application of heat stress did not affect Atrogin‐1 and Mu RF ‐1 transcription, but increased the level of phosphorylated Akt and HSP 70, but not PGC ‐1 α . Furthermore, the phosphorylation of Akt and ribosomal protein S6, which is known to stimulate protein synthesis, was increased immediately after a single heat stress particularly in the sham‐operated muscles. The effect of a heat stress was suppressed in denervated muscles. These results indicated that the beneficial effects of heat stress on the morphological properties of muscles were brought regardless of innervation. However, the responses of intracellular signaling to heat stress were distinct between the innervated and denervated muscles.