Open AccessThe brain’sglymphatic system:physiological anatomy and clinical perspectives
Author(s) -
V. N. Nikolenko,
M. V. Oganesyan,
N. N. Yakhno,
Erika Orlov,
E. E. Porubayeva,
E. Yu. Popova
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
nevrologiâ, nejropsihiatriâ, psihosomatika
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.157
H-Index - 9
eISSN - 2310-1342
pISSN - 2074-2711
DOI - 10.14412/2074-2711-2018-4-94-100
Subject(s) - glymphatic system , interstitial fluid , cerebrospinal fluid , parenchyma , lymphatic system , circulatory system , perivascular space , ventricular system , central nervous system , pathology , medicine , pathogenesis , neuroscience , anatomy , biology , cardiology
The recently discovered glymphatic system (GS) ensures the efficient clearance of interstitial fluid and soluble compounds from the central nervous system into cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which compensates for the lack of conventional lymphatic vessels in the brain parenchyma. This unique anatomical and physiological phenomenon had been unknown until 2012. GS lacks inherent proper vessels Р the current of CSF and interstitial fluid is carried out directly inside the arterial walls (the perivascular pathway) or near the walls of the cerebral arteries and veins (the paravascular pathway). Current biorheological technologies could establish a special role of aquaporin-4 in the filtration of CSF and interstitial fluid. The close link between GS and the CSF circulatory system allows the established views on fluid dynamics within the brain to be reconsidered. The discovery of GS can contribute to our understanding of the pathogenesis of increased intracranial pressure and neurodegenerative diseases, as well as to the elaboration of new therapeutic approaches to their treatment.