Estudio Clínico y Epidemiológico de Cáncer de Próstata en el Hospital de Especialidades José Carrasco Arteaga de Cuenca - Ecuador, 2010 - 2015

BACKGROUND: Prostate cancer is the fifth most common neoplasms worldwide and the second in man. In Cuenca, according to the sixth epidemiology of cancer, it is the second cause of death in males. METHODS: Observational descriptive study the sample was for convenience, made up with 315 patients with positive biopsy. The established variables were: Signs and symptoms, histopathological type, total prostate specific antigen (PSA) measure, risk factors, Gleason score, differentiation grade and clinical staging. The media and median were obtained as the crossing of variables using Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficient. The software used was STATA 12 version. RESULTS: The most common symptoms were urinary frequency (56.2 %) and dysuria (36.8 %). 312 patients presented adenocarcinoma as histopathology type. The total PSA had a median of 4.4 ng/ml and a media of 34 ng/ml. The media of age was 69 years old. 141 patients presented hypertension. About the Gleason Grading system most of people were moderately differentiated (43.6 %). 67 % of cases were diagnosed during stages I and II. The Rho correlation coefficient was 0.44 between clinical stage and Gleason score; it was of 0.36 between PSA and clinical stage. CONCLUSIONS: It was found a moderately positive association between clinical stage and Gleason score. There is no minimal measure of total PSA that could assure us there is no risk of prostate cancer. More prospective studies are needed in order to find the relation between prostate cancer and risk factors.