Open AccessThe role of autophagy in the thyroid tumors development, connection with the AKT/m-TOR signaling pathway activation
Author(s) -
Л. В. Спирина,
Спирина Людмила Викторовна,
S. Yu. Chizhevskaya,
Чижевская Светлана Юрьевна,
И. В. Кондакова,
Кондакова Ирина Викторовна,
Nataliya Tarasenko,
Тарасенко Наталья Викторовна
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
kliničeskaâ i èksperimentalʹnaâ tireoidologiâ
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2310-3787
pISSN - 1995-5472
DOI - 10.14341/ket12251
Subject(s) - autophagy , pi3k/akt/mtor pathway , carcinogenesis , protein kinase b , cancer research , signal transduction , thyroid cancer , medicine , microbiology and biotechnology , mechanism (biology) , rptor , cancer , biology , apoptosis , genetics , philosophy , epistemology
Autophagy is an important intracellular process that supports cell death and survival. Oncogenesis is associated with a change in the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway status. At the same time, the existence of protective autophagy, as one of the mechanisms of disease progression and the formation of resistance to treatment, has been proven. The review describes the significant mechanisms of the autophagy development, its association with AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. A molecule mTOR in TORC1 complex is associated with the oncogenesis, it provides the proliferation of transformed cells, apoptosis inhibition, and to the development of autophagy.
The participation of this phenomenon at all stages of carcinogenesis, influencing on the main signal kinases: AKT, mTOR, is noted. It is shown that in most cases this mechanism is responsible for the progression of the disease and the development of resistance to treatment. The development of thyroid cancer associated with the BRAF mutation and with the activation of the RET oncoprotein, as well as with the formation of radio-resistant forms of the disease is associated with molecular peculiarities of autophagy. Given the inconsistency of this phenomenon regarding their influence on the processes of oncogenesis, its role in the development of thyroid cancer is still unknown.