Livestock in the Life of Ekaterinburg in the 19th Century Based on the Materials of Protection Excavations At 69 Dekabristov Street

The article publishes the results of an archaeozoological study of faunal remains from a residential area in the city of Yekaterinburg, dating back to the 19th century. The aim of the work is to reconstruct the meat nutrition system of the city residents and various aspects related to the characteristics of the cattle slaughtered for meat. The materials of the work are represented by the bones of livestock, which are waste from cooking. A number of bone products are also considered, which are represented by dice and household items. When processing the bones of domestic animals, conventional archaeozoological techniques were used. Comparative data on modern beef cattle were used to interpret pathologies on the bones of livestock. Analysis of the osteological collection showed a noticeable prevalence of cattle bones over all other types of domestic animals. In the diet of the inhabitants of Yekaterinburg in the 19th century, beef was of paramount importance. Butchering the carcasses of slaughtered cattle was carried out with an ax. Paleopathological analysis did not reveal reliable evidence of unsatisfactory conditions for keeping livestock and the fact of the use of bulls.