ACCUMULATION OF CHEMICAL ELEMENTS IN TISSUES OF MEDICINAL PLANTS IN VITRO CULTURE

Development of theoretical bases of optimization of the production process of biologically active substances in the cultivation of medicinal plants by modern methods of biotechnology is one of the main tasks of fundamental research in this area. The aim of this study was to study the content and features of the accumulation of elements in regenerants of medicinal plants grown on the nutrient medium Murashige-Skoog with different content of phytohormones. Regenerant plants in vitro culture actively accumulate elements (K, P, Ca, Mg, Na, Zn, Mn, Fe, B, Al, Cu, Pb, Sr, V, Cr, Ag, Mo, Ti, Ni, Co , Se, Cd). The content of the trace elements Mn, Zn and Cu that we studied was at the level of normal values for the vegetation of the continents, Fe in P. alba regenerants – much higher. The content of heavy and toxic metals Pb, Cd, As, Cr, Ni did not exceed the normal level in plants and the acceptable level for dietary supplements, plant-based tea, and medicinal plant materials. The high dependence of the accumulation of elements in plants-regenerants Iris spuria Art And Soul variety on the content of hormones in the nutrient medium was noted. Representatives of all three groups (macronutrients, trace elements and ultramicroelements) had a similar curve diagram. The maximum peak was located at a concentration of 2.5 µm BAP with auxins, then the coefficient decreased by 5 µm BAP, and the next lower peak was observed at 5.0 µm BAP+A. the Lowest value of KN was at a concentration of 7.5 µm BAP. The introduction of auxins at this BAP concentration stimulated another peak, and then the accumulation coefficient tended to increase at a concentration of 10.0 µm BAP. The revealed dependence makes possible the regulation and directed accumulation of elements necessary for the researcher in plant tissues.