Open AccessPET/CT targeted tissue sampling reveals virus specific dIgA can alter the distribution and localization of HIV after rectal exposure
Author(s) -
Roslyn A. Taylor,
Sixia Xiao,
Ann M. Carias,
Michael D. McRaven,
Divya N. Thakkar,
Mariluz Araínga,
E.J. Allen,
Kenneth A. Rogers,
Sidath C. Kumarapperuma,
Siqi Gong,
Angela J. Fought,
M Anderson,
Yanique Thomas,
John C. Schneider,
Beth Goins,
Peter T. Fox,
François Villinger,
Ruth M. Ruprecht,
Thomas J. Hope
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
plos pathogens
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.719
H-Index - 206
eISSN - 1553-7374
pISSN - 1553-7366
DOI - 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009632
Subject(s) - biology , virology , mesenteric lymph nodes , lymph , virus , antibody , green fluorescent protein , immunology , pathology , immune system , medicine , genetics , gene
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) vaccines have not been successful in clinical trials. Dimeric IgA (dIgA) in the form of secretory IgA is the most abundant antibody class in mucosal tissues, making dIgA a prime candidate for potential HIV vaccines. We coupled Positron Emission Tomography (PET) imaging and fluorescent microscopy of 64 Cu-labeled, photoactivatable-GFP HIV (PA-GFP-BaL) and fluorescently labeled dIgA to determine how dIgA antibodies influence virus interaction with mucosal barriers and viral penetration in colorectal tissue. Our results show that HIV virions rapidly disseminate throughout the colon two hours after exposure. The presence of dIgA resulted in an increase in virions and penetration depth in the transverse colon. Moreover, virions were found in the mesenteric lymph nodes two hours after viral exposure, and the presence of dIgA led to an increase in virions in mesenteric lymph nodes. Taken together, these technologies enable in vivo and in situ visualization of antibody-virus interactions and detailed investigations of early events in HIV infection.