Open AccessEffects of Schyzocotyle acheilognathi (Yamaguti, 1934) infection on the intestinal microbiota, growth and immune reactions of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)
Author(s) -
Pei P. Fu,
Fan Xiong,
Shan Wu,
Hong Zou,
Ming Li,
Gui T. Wang,
Wen X. Li
Publication year - 2022
Publication title -
plos one
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.99
H-Index - 332
ISSN - 1932-6203
DOI - 10.1371/journal.pone.0266766
Subject(s) - biology , foregut , grass carp , hindgut , microbiology and biotechnology , prophenoloxidase , midgut , immune system , immunology , ecology , innate immune system , anatomy , larva , fish <actinopterygii> , fishery
Our understanding of interactions among intestinal helminths, gut microbiota and host is still in its infancy in fish. In this study, the effects of Schyzocotyle acheilognathi infection on the intestinal microbiota, growth and immune reactions of grass carp were explored under laboratory conditions. 16S rDNA amplification sequencing results showed that S . acheilognathi infection altered the composition of intestinal microbiota only at the genus level, with a significant increase in the relative abundance of Turicibacter and Ruminococcus ( P 0.05) on the alpha diversity indices (including Chao1, ACE, Shannon, Simpson index) of intestinal microbiota in grass carp, but PERMANOVA analysis showed that microbial structure significantly ( P 0.05). Intestinal tissue section with HE staining showed that S . acheilognathi infection severely damaged the intestinal villi, causing serious degeneration, necrosis and shedding of intestinal epithelial cells. The real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR results showed that S . acheilognathi infection upregulated the mRNA expression of the immune-related genes: Gal1 − L2 , TGF − β1 and IgM .