Open AccessWasp venom peptide improves the proapoptotic activity of alendronate sodium in A549 lung cancer cells
Author(s) -
Nabil A. Alhakamy,
Solomon Z. Okbazghi,
Mohamed A. Alfaleh,
Wesam H. Abdulaal,
Rana B. Bakhaidar,
Mohammed O Alselami,
Majed Al Zahrani,
Hani M Alqarni,
Adel F. Alghaith,
Sultan Alshehri,
Shaimaa M. Badr-Eldin,
Hibah M. Aldawsari,
Omar D Al-Hejaili,
Bander M. Aldhabi,
Wael A. Mahdi
Publication year - 2022
Publication title -
plos one
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.99
H-Index - 332
ISSN - 1932-6203
DOI - 10.1371/journal.pone.0264093
Subject(s) - cytotoxicity , mastoparan , apoptosis , a549 cell , cancer cell , lung cancer , mtt assay , annexin , ic50 , peptide , cytotoxic t cell , chemistry , materials science , pharmacology , cancer , biochemistry , medicine , in vitro , oncology , receptor , g protein
Background Lung cancer in men and women is considered the leading cause for cancer-related mortality worldwide. Anti-cancer peptides represent a potential untapped reservoir of effective cancer therapy. Methodology Box-Behnken response surface design was applied for formulating Alendronate sodium (ALS)-mastoparan peptide (MP) nanoconjugates using Design-Expert software. The optimization process aimed at minimizing the size of the prepared ALS-MP nanoconjugates. ALS-MP nanoconjugates’ particle size, encapsulation efficiency and the release profile were determined. Cytotoxicity, cell cycle, annexin V staining and caspase 3 analyses on A549 cells were carried out for the optimized formula. Results The results revealed that the optimized formula was of 134.91±5.1 nm particle size. The novel ALS-MP demonstrated the lowest IC50 (1.3 ± 0.34 μM) in comparison to ALS-Raw (37.6 ± 1.79 μM). Thus, the results indicated that when optimized ALS-MP nanoconjugate was used, the IC50 of ALS was also reduced by half. Cell cycle analysis demonstrated a significantly higher percentage of cells in the G2-M phase following the treatment with optimized ALS-MP nanoconjugates. Conclusion The optimized ALS-MP formula had significantly improved the parameters related to the cytotoxic activity towards A549 cells, compared to control, MP and ALS-Raw.