Open AccessPMMA bone cement containing long releasing silica-based chlorhexidine nanocarriers
Author(s) -
Yazan Al Thaher,
Hadil Faris Alotaibi,
Le Yang,
Polina Prokopovich
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
plos one
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.99
H-Index - 332
ISSN - 1932-6203
DOI - 10.1371/journal.pone.0257947
Subject(s) - nanocarriers , bone cement , chlorhexidine , antimicrobial , dentistry , medicine , antibiotics , materials science , cement , biomedical engineering , pharmacology , microbiology and biotechnology , drug , composite material , biology
Prosthetic joint infections (PJI) are still an extremely concerning eventuality after joint replacement surgery; growing antibiotic resistance is also limiting the prophylactic and treatment options. Chlorhexidine (a widely used topical non-antibiotic antimicrobial compound) coatings on silica nanoparticles capable of prolonged drug release have been successfully developed and characterised. Such nanocarriers were incorporated into commercial formulation PMMA bone cement (Cemex), without adversely affecting the mechanical performance. Moreover, the bone cement containing the developed nanocarriers showed superior antimicrobial activity against different bacterial species encountered in PJI, including clinical isolates already resistant to gentamicin. Cytocompatibility tests also showed non inferior performance of the bone cements containing chlorhexidine releasing silica nanocarriers to the equivalent commercial formulation.