Open AccessEvaluating the association between COVID-19 and psychiatric presentations, suicidal ideation in an emergency department
Author(s) -
Michal J. McDowell,
Carrie Fry,
Mladen Nisavic,
Mila Grossman,
Charles Masaki,
Emily Sorg,
Suzanne Bird,
Felicia A. Smith,
Scott R. Beach
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
plos one
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.99
H-Index - 332
ISSN - 1932-6203
DOI - 10.1371/journal.pone.0253805
Subject(s) - suicidal ideation , outbreak , emergency department , medicine , psychiatry , covid-19 , poison control , suicide prevention , emergency medicine , virology , disease , infectious disease (medical specialty)
Objective To estimate the association between COVID-19 and Emergency Department (ED) psychiatric presentations, including suicidal ideation. Methods Using an interrupted time series design, we analyzed psychiatric presentations using electronic health record data in an academic medical center ED between 2018 and 2020. We used regression models to assess the association between the onset of the COVID-19 outbreak and certain psychiatric presentations. The period February 26–March 6, 2020 was used to define patterns in psychiatric presentations before and after the coronavirus outbreak. Results We found a 36.2% decrease (unadjusted) in ED psychiatric consults following the coronavirus outbreak, as compared to the previous year. After accounting for underlying trends, our results estimate significant differential change associated with suicidal ideation and substance use disorder (SUD) presentations following the outbreak. Specifically, we noted a significant differential increase in presentations with suicidal ideation six weeks after the outbreak (36.4 percentage points change; 95% CI: 5.3, 67.6). For presentations with SUD, we found a differential increase in the COVID-19 time series relative to the comparison time series at all post-outbreak time points and this differential increase was significant three weeks (32.8 percentage points; 95% CI: 4.0, 61.6) following the outbreak. Our results estimate no differential changes significant at the P value < 0.05 level associated with affective disorder or psychotic disorder presentations in the COVID-19 time series relative to the comparator time series. Conclusions The COVID-19 outbreak in Boston was associated with significant differential increases in ED presentations with suicidal ideation and SUD.