Open AccessHuman IgG and IgA responses to COVID-19 mRNA vaccines
Author(s) -
Adam V. Wisnewski,
Julian Campillo Luna,
Carrie A. Redlich
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
plos one
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.99
H-Index - 332
ISSN - 1932-6203
DOI - 10.1371/journal.pone.0249499
Subject(s) - vaccination , immunology , antigen , immunoglobulin g , immunity , immune system , virology , biology , covid-19 , immunoglobulin a , messenger rna , antibody , medicine , infectious disease (medical specialty) , gene , disease , biochemistry
SARS-CoV-2 spike antigen-specific IgG and IgA elicited by infection mediate viral neutralization and are likely an important component of natural immunity, however, limited information exists on vaccine induced responses. We measured COVID-19 mRNA vaccine induced IgG and IgA in serum serially, up to 145 days post vaccination in 4 subjects. Spike antigen-specific IgG levels rose exponentially and plateaued 21 days after the initial vaccine dose. After the second vaccine dose IgG levels increased further, reaching a maximum approximately 7–10 days later, and remained elevated (average of 58% peak levels) during the additional >100 day follow up period. COVID-19 mRNA vaccination elicited spike antigen-specific IgA with similar kinetics of induction and time to peak levels, but more rapid decline in serum levels following both the 1 st and 2 nd vaccine doses (<18% peak levels within 100 days of the 2 nd shot). The data demonstrate COVID-19 mRNA vaccines effectively induce spike antigen specific IgG and IgA and highlight marked differences in their persistence in serum.