Open AccessDistribution and diversity of mosquitoes and Oropouche-like virus infection rates in an Amazonian rural settlement
Author(s) -
Jordam William Pereira-Silva,
Claudia María Ríos-Velásquez,
Gervilane Ribeiro de Lima,
Eric Fabrício Marialva,
Heliana Christy Matos Belchior,
Sérgio Luíz Bessa Luz,
Felipe Gomes Naveca,
Felipe Arley Costa Pessoa
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
plos one
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.99
H-Index - 332
ISSN - 1932-6203
DOI - 10.1371/journal.pone.0246932
Subject(s) - ecology , amazonian , stratification (seeds) , species diversity , geography , tree canopy , biology , attraction , abundance (ecology) , canopy , amazon rainforest , botany , seed dormancy , germination , dormancy , linguistics , philosophy
Mosquito diversity and disease transmission are influenced by landscape modifications, i.e., vectors and pathogens previously found only in forests are now found close to human environments due to anthropic changes. This study determined the diversity and distribution of mosquitoes in forest environments in order to analyze the potential vectors of Amazonian forest arboviruses. Mosquitoes were collected by 1) vertical stratification from forest canopy and ground areas using Hooper Pugedo (HP) light traps and human attraction and 2) horizontal stratification using HP light traps in peridomicile, forest edge, and forest environments near the Rio Pardo rural settlement, Amazonas, Brazil. A total of 3,750 mosquitoes were collected, representing 46 species. 3,139 individuals representing 46 species were sampled by vertical stratification. Both the Shannon-Weaver diversity index (H’) and equitability (J’) were higher in the canopy than on the ground. 611 individuals representing 13 species were sampled by horizontal stratification. H’ decreased in the following order: forest edge > forest > peridomicile, and J’ was greater at the forest edge and smaller in the peridomicile environment. Moreover, H’ was higher for the human attraction collection method than the HP traps. A total of 671 pools were analyzed by RT-qPCR; three species were positive for Oropouche-like viruses ( Ochlerotatus serratus , Psorophora cingulata , and Haemagogus tropicalis ) and the minimum infection rate was 0.8%. The composition of mosquito species did not differ significantly between anthropic and forest environments in Rio Pardo. Some mosquito species, due to their abundance, dispersion in the three environments, and record of natural infection, were hypothesized to participate in the arbovirus transmission cycle in this Amazonian rural settlement.