Open AccessMolecular analysis of blaSHV, blaTEM, and blaCTX-M in extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae recovered from fecal specimens of animals
Author(s) -
Hasan Ejaz,
Sonia Younas,
Khalid Omer Abdalla Abosalif,
Kashaf Junaid,
Badr Alzahrani,
Abdullah Alsrhani,
Abualgasim Elgaili Abdalla,
Muhammad Ikram Ullah,
Muhammad Usman Qamar,
Sanaa S. Hamam
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
plos one
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.99
H-Index - 332
ISSN - 1932-6203
DOI - 10.1371/journal.pone.0245126
Subject(s) - biology , microbiology and biotechnology , klebsiella pneumoniae , enterobacteriaceae , cephalosporin , imipenem , meropenem , sulbactam , piperacillin , colistin , escherichia coli , antibiotic resistance , antibiotics , pseudomonas aeruginosa , bacteria , genetics , gene
Colonization of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae as animal gut microbiota is a substantial global threat. This study aimed to determine the molecular characterization of bla SHV , bla TEM , and bla CTX-M variants in animals, as well as to evaluate the antimicrobial resistance conferred by these genes. We prospectively analyzed 1273 fecal specimens of farm and domestic animals for the isolation of enterobacteria that had the ESBL phenotype by using biochemical methods. The extracted genes were amplified by polymerase chain reaction and sequenced for the characterization of bla SHV , bla TEM , and bla CTX-M variants. The drug-resistance spectrum and hierarchical clusters were analyzed against 19 antibacterial agents. Out of 245 (19.2%) ESBL enterobacteria, 180 (75.5%) Escherichia coli and 34 (13.9%) Klebsiella pneumoniae were prevalent species. A total of 73.9% bla CTX-M , 26.1% bla TEM , and 14.2% bla SHV were found among the enterobacteria; however, their association with farm or domestic animals was not statistically significant. The distribution of bla gene variants showed the highest number of bla CTX-M-1 (133; 54.3%), followed by bla CTX-M-15 (28; 11.4%), bla TEM-52 (40; 16.3%), and bla SHV-12 (22; 9%). In addition, 84.5% of the enterobacteria had the integrons intI1 . We observed ±100% enterobacteria resistant to cephalosporin, 7 (2.9%) to colistin (minimum inhibitory concentration breakpoint ≥4 μg/mL), 9 (3.7%) to piperacillin-tazobactam, 11 (4.5%) to imipenem, 14 (5.7%) to meropenem, and 18 (7.3%) to cefoperazone-sulbactam, without statistically significant association. Animal gut microbiota contain a considerable number of bla CTX-M , bla TEM , bla SHV , and integrons, which are a potential source of acquired extensive drug resistance in human strains and leaves fewer therapeutic substitutes.