Open AccessCorrelation between hospitalized patients’ demographics, symptoms, comorbidities, and COVID-19 pandemic in Bahia, Brazil
Author(s) -
Márcio C. F. Macedo,
Isabelle Matos Pinheiro,
Caio J. L. Carvalho,
H Fraga,
Isaac P. C. Araujo,
Simone S. Montes,
Otávio A. C. Araujo,
Leonardo Santos de Brito Alves,
Hugo Saba,
Márcio Luís Valença Araújo,
Ivonete T. L. Queiroz,
Romilson Lopes Sampaio,
Márcia São Pedro Leal Souza,
Ana Claudia F. N. da Silva,
Antonio Carlos Santana de Souza
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
plos one
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.99
H-Index - 332
ISSN - 1932-6203
DOI - 10.1371/journal.pone.0243966
Subject(s) - medicine , confidence interval , odds ratio , retrospective cohort study , sore throat , logistic regression , intensive care unit , pandemic , comorbidity , covid-19 , demographics , severity of illness , cohort , kidney disease , pediatrics , emergency medicine , disease , demography , surgery , infectious disease (medical specialty) , sociology
In this paper, we provide a retrospective cohort study with patients that have been hospitalized for general or intensive care unit admission due to COVID-19, between March 3 and July 29, 2020, in the state of Bahia, Brazil. We aim to correlate those patients’ demographics, symptoms and comorbidities, with the risk of mortality from COVID-19, length of hospital stay, and time from diagnosis to definitive outcome. On the basis of a dataset provided by the Health Secretary of the State of Bahia, we selected 3,896 hospitalized patients from a total of 154,868 COVID-19 patients that included non-hospitalized patients and patients with invalid registration in the dataset. Then, we statistically analyzed whether there was a significant correlation between the patient record data and the COVID-19 pandemic, and our main findings reinforced by the use of a multivariable logistic regression were that older age (Odds Ratio [OR] = 1.03, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] = 1.03-1.04, p-value ( p ) <0.001), an initial symptom of shortness of breath (OR = 1.88, 95% CI = 1.60-2.20, p < 0.001), and the presence of comorbidities, mainly chronic kidney disease (OR = 2.41, 95% CI = 1.67-3.48, p < 0.001) are related to an increased risk of mortality from COVID-19. On the other hand, sore throat (OR = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.58-0.95, p = 0.02) and length of hospital stay (OR = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.58-0.95, p < 0.001) are more related to a reduced risk of mortality from COVID-19. Moreover, a multivariable linear regression conducted with statistically significant variables ( p < 0.05) showed that age (OR = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.95-0.98, p < 0.001) and time from diagnosis to definitive outcome (OR = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.64-1.71, p < 0.001) are associated with the length of hospital stay.