Open AccessAssociation between sites and severity of eczema and the onset of cow’s milk and egg allergy in children
Author(s) -
Shiori Kawada,
Masaki Futamura,
Hiroya Hashimoto,
Manabu Ono,
Nobuhiro Akita,
Masahiro Sekimizu,
Hiroyoshi Hattori,
Masahiko Goto,
Keizo Horibe,
Naoko Maeda
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
plos one
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.99
H-Index - 332
ISSN - 1932-6203
DOI - 10.1371/journal.pone.0240980
Subject(s) - medicine , allergy , odds ratio , atopic dermatitis , pediatrics , egg allergy , milk allergy , atopy , food allergy , family history , immunoglobulin e , dermatology , immunology , antibody
Background Cow’s milk allergy (CMA) and egg allergy (EA) are common and can reduce quality of life in children. Infantile eczema is a well-established risk factor for the onset of food allergy via transdermal sensitization; however, various types of infantile eczema have not yet been evaluated. Therefore, we assessed the association between CMA and EA and the sites and the severity of infantile eczema. Methods This retrospective study was based on data from patients aged 2–19 years with atopic disease who were treated between July 2015 and March 2019 in a pediatric allergy clinic in Japan. Data regarding the history of IgE-mediated symptoms, eczema in the first year of life, parental history of atopic diseases, and infantile nutrition were collected. Results A total of 289 patients were included in the study, of which 81 and 111 children had IgE-mediated CMA and EA, respectively. The rates of CMA and EA were higher in the children with infantile eczema than in those without (30% vs. 9% and 42% vs. 21%). The rate of CMA was also higher in children with eczema on the face. Significant differences were noted in the rate of CMA among children with facial eczema of exudation (adjusted odds ratio 2.398; P = 0.017) and papules (adjusted odds ratio 2.787; P = 0.008), using multivariate analysis. Conclusion The rate of IgE-mediated CMA was high among children with atopic disease having severe facial eczema during infancy.