Open AccessA2A adenosine receptors are involved in the reparative response of tendon cells to pulsed electromagnetic fields
Author(s) -
Alessandra Colombini,
Carlotta Perucca Orfei,
Fabrizio Vincenzi,
Paola De Luca,
Enrico Ragni,
Marco Viganò,
Stefania Setti,
Katia Varani,
Laura de Girolamo
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
plos one
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.99
H-Index - 332
ISSN - 1932-6203
DOI - 10.1371/journal.pone.0239807
Subject(s) - downregulation and upregulation , adenosine receptor , inflammation , adenosine , cgs 21680 , stimulation , medicine , receptor , endocrinology , proinflammatory cytokine , agonist , chemistry , biochemistry , gene
Tendinopathy is a degenerative disease in which inflammatory mediators have been found to be sometimes present. The interaction between inflammation and matrix remodeling in human tendon cells (TCs) is supported by the secretion of cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-33. In this context, it has been demonstrated that pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) were able to reduce inflammation and promote tendon marker synthesis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anabolic and anti-inflammatory PEMF-mediated response on TCs in an in vitro model of inflammation. Moreover, since PEMFs enhance the anti-inflammatory efficacy of adenosine through the adenosine receptors (ARs), the study also focused on the role of A 2A ARs. Human TCs were exposed to PEMFs for 48 hours. After stimulation, A 2A AR saturation binding experiments were performed. Along with 48 hours PEMF stimulation, TCs were treated with IL-1β and A 2A AR agonist CGS-21680. IL-1Ra, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-33, VEGF, TGF-β1, PGE 2 release and SCX , COL1A1 , COL3A1 , ADORA2A expression were quantified. PEMFs exerted A 2A AR modulation on TCs and promoted COL3A1 upregulation and IL-33 secretion. In presence of IL-1β, TCs showed an upregulation of ADORA2A , SCX and COL3A1 expression and an increase of IL-6, IL-8, PGE 2 and VEGF secretion. After PEMF and IL-1β exposure, IL-33 was upregulated, whereas IL-6, PGE 2 and ADORA2A were downregulated. These findings demonstrated that A 2A ARs have a role in the promotion of the TC anabolic/reparative response to PEMFs and to IL-1β.